Table 9 Regressions on eco-innovation...

Table 9

Regressions on eco-innovation index considering the environmental performance index

Variables	(1)	(2)
EPI	0.012*** (0.003)	0.004* (0.002)
GEND	0.009*** (0.003)	0.009*** (0.003)
BMEET	0.021*** (0.004)	0.011*** (0.003)
BSIZE	0.008 (0.012)	0.008 (0.015)
SKILLS	−0.008*** (0.002)	−0.006*** (0.002)
CEO	0.108 (0.079)	0.112 (0.095)
CSR	1.061*** (0.089)	0.825*** (0.080)
EMT	0.577*** (0.084)	0.407*** (0.083)
INDEP	0.004* (0.002)	0.008*** (0.002)
SUST_INC	0.393*** (0.092)	0.347*** (0.070)
Controls	Yes	Yes
Constant	−2.601*** (0.415)	−1.047 (0.451)
Observations	1.092	1.092
R-squared	0.536	0.355
Pooled OLS	Yes	No
Random effects	No	Yes

Variables	(1)	(2)
EPI	0.012*** (0.003)	0.004* (0.002)
GEND	0.009*** (0.003)	0.009*** (0.003)
BMEET	0.021*** (0.004)	0.011*** (0.003)
BSIZE	0.008 (0.012)	0.008 (0.015)
SKILLS	−0.008*** (0.002)	−0.006*** (0.002)
CEO	0.108 (0.079)	0.112 (0.095)
CSR	1.061*** (0.089)	0.825*** (0.080)
EMT	0.577*** (0.084)	0.407*** (0.083)
INDEP	0.004* (0.002)	0.008*** (0.002)
SUST_INC	0.393*** (0.092)	0.347*** (0.070)
Controls	Yes	Yes
Constant	−2.601*** (0.415)	−1.047 (0.451)
Observations	1.092	1.092
R-squared	0.536	0.355
Pooled OLS	Yes	No
Random effects	No	Yes

Note(s):

This table provides the estimates of the pooled OLS and random-effect regressions for 2011–2022. The dependent variable is the eco-innovation index (ECOINN), while the independent variable of interest is the environmental performance indicator (EPI). Variables definitions are provided in Table 3. Robust standard errors (SE) are reported in parentheses. ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05 and *p < 0.10

Source(s): Authors’ own creation

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