Table 4 Descriptive statistics of the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Descriptive statistics of the variables

Variables	Observations	Mean	Std. dev	Minimum	Maximum
ln(X/M)	484	−0.2216571	0.5962588	−3.150158	0.9743926
GLPI	484	9.09e−09	0.9958513	−2.832164	3.762397
INF	473	0.482432	0.2273579	0.0192196	0.9999057
TF	346	61.22158	21.74723	9.68	96.77
OP	484	66.86261	20.36075	39.35543	97.94982
lnGDP	484	25.26037	1.9915	21.05668	30.5148
lnFDI	430	21.31624	2.390383	13.57598	26.56413

Variables	Observations	Mean	Std. dev	Minimum	Maximum
ln(X/M)	484	−0.2216571	0.5962588	−3.150158	0.9743926
GLPI	484	9.09e−09	0.9958513	−2.832164	3.762397
INF	473	0.482432	0.2273579	0.0192196	0.9999057
TF	346	61.22158	21.74723	9.68	96.77
OP	484	66.86261	20.36075	39.35543	97.94982
lnGDP	484	25.26037	1.9915	21.05668	30.5148
lnFDI	430	21.31624	2.390383	13.57598	26.56413

Source(s): Analysis results from Stata 14 software by the Author (2025)