Table 4 Scheffé post hoc comparisons for... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Scheffé post hoc comparisons for posttest academic writing performance

Dependent variable	Comparison groups	MD	95% CI	p
IELTS writing	Group 6 vs. Group 1	1.09	[0.67, 1.46]	<0.001
	Group 6 vs. Group 2	1.35	[1.01, 1.69]	<0.001
	Group 6 vs. Group 3	1.81	[1.44, 2.18]	<0.001
Syntactic complexity	Group 6 vs. Group 1	1.07	[0.87, 1.27]	<0.001
Syntactic complexity	Group 6 vs. Group 5	3.14	[2.33, 3.96]	<0.001
Readability	Group 6 vs. Group 1	9.19	[7.41, 10.97]	<0.001
Readability	Group 6 vs. Group 5	21.84	[19.58, 24.10]	<0.001
Academic standards	Group 6 vs. Group 1	7.28	[5.41, 9.15]	<0.001
Academic standards	Group 6 vs. Group 5	15.44	[12.58, 18.29]	<0.001
Argumentation	Group 6 vs. Group 1	14.22	[11.01, 17.43]	<0.001
Argumentation	Group 6 vs. Group 5	23.98	[20.58, 27.38]	<0.001

Dependent variable	Comparison groups	MD	95% CI	p
IELTS writing	Group 6 vs. Group 1	1.09	[0.67, 1.46]	<0.001
	Group 6 vs. Group 2	1.35	[1.01, 1.69]	<0.001
	Group 6 vs. Group 3	1.81	[1.44, 2.18]	<0.001
Syntactic complexity	Group 6 vs. Group 1	1.07	[0.87, 1.27]	<0.001
Syntactic complexity	Group 6 vs. Group 5	3.14	[2.33, 3.96]	<0.001
Readability	Group 6 vs. Group 1	9.19	[7.41, 10.97]	<0.001
Readability	Group 6 vs. Group 5	21.84	[19.58, 24.10]	<0.001
Academic standards	Group 6 vs. Group 1	7.28	[5.41, 9.15]	<0.001
Academic standards	Group 6 vs. Group 5	15.44	[12.58, 18.29]	<0.001
Argumentation	Group 6 vs. Group 1	14.22	[11.01, 17.43]	<0.001
Argumentation	Group 6 vs. Group 5	23.98	[20.58, 27.38]	<0.001

Note(s): MD = mean difference; CI = confidence interval. All comparisons significant at p < 0.001

Source(s): The author