Table 7

Studies used tweet content for spam classification

ResearchFS methodClassifierAccuracyRecallF-measure
Al-Azani et al. (2019) [23]Skip-gramsSVM87.33%87.33%87.33%
Ashour et al. (2019) [24]N-gramsRF78.4%78.36%
Afzal and Mehmood (2016) [25]Information gainNB95.42%
This studyK-means clusteringRF95.91%98.79%97.57%

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