Distribution of ministers based on their socio-economic background, 1999–2019
| Socio-economic characteristics | Members of government 1999–2003 | Members of governments 2004–2009 | Members of government 2010–2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper Middle Class | 115 (63.8%) | 73 (47.7%) | 85 (46.7%) |
| Mid-Tier Middle Class | 25 (13.8%) | 32 (20.9%) | 37 (20.3%) |
| Lower Middle Class | 5 (2.7% | 7 (4.5%) | 9 (4.9%) |
| Land-Owning Class | 10 (5.5%) | 7 (4.5%) | 5 (2.7%) |
| Businessmen Class | 25 (13.8%) | 34 (22.2%) | 46 (25.2%) |
| Total: 515 (100%) | 180 (100%) | 153 (100%) | 182 (100%) |
| Socio-economic characteristics | Members of government | Members of governments | Members of government |
|---|---|---|---|
| Upper Middle Class | 115 (63.8%) | 73 (47.7%) | 85 (46.7%) |
| Mid-Tier Middle Class | 25 (13.8%) | 32 (20.9%) | 37 (20.3%) |
| Lower Middle Class | 5 (2.7% | 7 (4.5%) | 9 (4.9%) |
| Land-Owning Class | 10 (5.5%) | 7 (4.5%) | 5 (2.7%) |
| Businessmen Class | 25 (13.8%) | 34 (22.2%) | 46 (25.2%) |
| Total: 515 (100%) | 180 (100%) | 153 (100%) | 182 (100%) |
Note(s): *The first and third authors assembled numbers from various sources. The total number of members of government from 1999 to 2019 is 515
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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