Further analysis
| Variables | (1) CAR | (2) CAR | (3) CAR | (4) CAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Main board) | (Star board) | (SOEs) | (Non-SOEs) | |
| EP | 2.349** | 131.527*** | 0.124** | 6.235*** |
| (1.68) | (2.75) | (2.14) | (2.68) | |
| EP*IC | −0.321* | −13.294** | −0.304 | −0.670** |
| (−1.50) | (−2.19) | (−0.87) | (−2.00) | |
| IC | −0.013* | −0.158** | −0.009 | −0.036** |
| (−1.32) | (−1.70) | (−0.38) | (−1.75) | |
| EP*SIZE | 0.014 | −0.165 | 0.053** | −0.028 |
| (0.66) | (−0.24) | (1.68) | (−0.89) | |
| SIZE | 0.003*** | 0.019** | −0.011 | 0.005*** |
| (3.01) | (1.92) | (−0.85) | (2.50) | |
| EP*ROA | 1.103*** | 12.467*** | 0.597 | 1.889*** |
| (2.80) | (3.26) | (0.95) | (3.86) | |
| ROA | 0.142*** | 0.076 | 0.272*** | 0.122*** |
| (5.73) | (0.43) | (2.96) | (3.04) | |
| LEV | 0.011* | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.029** |
| (1.49) | (0.49) | (0.04) | (2.20) | |
| BETA | −0.004 | 0.021* | 0.012** | −0.009** |
| (−1.23) | (1.32) | (1.96) | (−1.69) | |
| GROWTH | 0.005 | 0.014 | 0.003 | 0.014** |
| (1.22) | (0.62) | (0.38) | (2.05) | |
| EP*BIG4 | −0.103 | 5.983** | −0.182* | −0.063 |
| (−1.12) | (1.99) | (−1.60) | (−0.37) | |
| BIG4 | −0.000 | −0.009 | −0.039** | 0.004 |
| (−0.12) | (−0.39) | (−2.29) | (0.54) | |
| EP*BOARD | −0.139 | −10.687** | −0.073 | −0.345 |
| (−0.85) | (−1.82) | (−0.35) | (−1.19) | |
| BOARD | −0.003 | 0.068* | 0.046** | −0.010 |
| (−0.44) | (1.30) | (1.65) | (−0.81) | |
| EP*INDEP | −0.301 | −51.751*** | 0.245 | −0.830 |
| (−0.53) | (−2.63) | (0.34) | (−0.83) | |
| INDEP | 0.027 | 0.159 | 0.116** | 0.017 |
| (1.21) | (0.89) | (1.87) | (0.37) | |
| FIRMAGE | −0.002 | 0.018 | 0.061* | −0.006 |
| (−0.57) | (0.74) | (1.38) | (−0.92) | |
| Constant | 0.019 | 0.315 | −0.030 | 0.151 |
| (0.29) | (0.49) | (−0.09) | (1.09) | |
| Observations | 3,720 | 210 | 1,682 | 2,241 |
| R-squared | 0.055 | 0.256 | 0.385 | 0.073 |
| Adj R-squared | 0.046 | 0.168 | 0.052 | 0.058 |
| F-statistic | 11.41*** | 2.95*** | 3.64*** | 8.75*** |
| Variables | (1) CAR | (2) CAR | (3) CAR | (4) CAR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Main board) | (Star board) | (SOEs) | (Non-SOEs) | |
| EP | 2.349** | 131.527*** | 0.124** | 6.235*** |
| (1.68) | (2.75) | (2.14) | (2.68) | |
| EP*IC | −0.321* | −13.294** | −0.304 | −0.670** |
| (−1.50) | (−2.19) | (−0.87) | (−2.00) | |
| IC | −0.013* | −0.158** | −0.009 | −0.036** |
| (−1.32) | (−1.70) | (−0.38) | (−1.75) | |
| EP*SIZE | 0.014 | −0.165 | 0.053** | −0.028 |
| (0.66) | (−0.24) | (1.68) | (−0.89) | |
| SIZE | 0.003*** | 0.019** | −0.011 | 0.005*** |
| (3.01) | (1.92) | (−0.85) | (2.50) | |
| EP*ROA | 1.103*** | 12.467*** | 0.597 | 1.889*** |
| (2.80) | (3.26) | (0.95) | (3.86) | |
| ROA | 0.142*** | 0.076 | 0.272*** | 0.122*** |
| (5.73) | (0.43) | (2.96) | (3.04) | |
| LEV | 0.011* | 0.029 | 0.002 | 0.029** |
| (1.49) | (0.49) | (0.04) | (2.20) | |
| BETA | −0.004 | 0.021* | 0.012** | −0.009** |
| (−1.23) | (1.32) | (1.96) | (−1.69) | |
| GROWTH | 0.005 | 0.014 | 0.003 | 0.014** |
| (1.22) | (0.62) | (0.38) | (2.05) | |
| EP*BIG4 | −0.103 | 5.983** | −0.182* | −0.063 |
| (−1.12) | (1.99) | (−1.60) | (−0.37) | |
| BIG4 | −0.000 | −0.009 | −0.039** | 0.004 |
| (−0.12) | (−0.39) | (−2.29) | (0.54) | |
| EP*BOARD | −0.139 | −10.687** | −0.073 | −0.345 |
| (−0.85) | (−1.82) | (−0.35) | (−1.19) | |
| BOARD | −0.003 | 0.068* | 0.046** | −0.010 |
| (−0.44) | (1.30) | (1.65) | (−0.81) | |
| EP*INDEP | −0.301 | −51.751*** | 0.245 | −0.830 |
| (−0.53) | (−2.63) | (0.34) | (−0.83) | |
| INDEP | 0.027 | 0.159 | 0.116** | 0.017 |
| (1.21) | (0.89) | (1.87) | (0.37) | |
| FIRMAGE | −0.002 | 0.018 | 0.061* | −0.006 |
| (−0.57) | (0.74) | (1.38) | (−0.92) | |
| Constant | 0.019 | 0.315 | −0.030 | 0.151 |
| (0.29) | (0.49) | (−0.09) | (1.09) | |
| Observations | 3,720 | 210 | 1,682 | 2,241 |
| 0.055 | 0.256 | 0.385 | 0.073 | |
| Adj | 0.046 | 0.168 | 0.052 | 0.058 |
| 11.41*** | 2.95*** | 3.64*** | 8.75*** |
Source(s): Authors' own work
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.