Table 3.

Factors to be considered when designing GenAI-integrated assessments

ThemesSubthemesEC1EC2EUOECD1OECD2UNESCO1UNESCO2UNESCO3
GenAI-integrated pedagogical dimensions for assessmentSocial-emotional development X X X  
Cognitive engagement (higher-order thinking) X X XX 
Interaction and dialogue   X  X 
Feedback and supportX XX  X 
Personalised learningXXXX    
Collaborative and whole-class learning   X    
Accessibility and inclusivenessAI literacy X   XX 
Technical accessibilityXX  XX  
Digital education resource    XX  
Adaptive learning system (educational accessibility)    X   
Holistic design approachCo-design approach  XXX   
Complement learner agencyX X  XX 
Complement teacher roleX X  XX 
Context and settingsX       
Ethical obligation and principlesHuman-centred principlesXXX   X 
Data and privacy protectionXXX XXXX
Equity in access and use of AI  X XXXX
Transparency XX X XX
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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