Figure 1
A flowchart representing the factors contributing to the occurrence of cyber-loafing behavior.The flowchart centers around the construct “Cyber-Loafing,” which is placed in a central rectangular text box on the right side. On the left side, there are five rectangular boxes labeled “Techno-Overload,” “Techno-Invasion,” “Techno-Complexity,” “Techno-Insecurity,” and “Techno-Uncertainty,” arranged vertically from top to bottom. Each of these boxes is connected to “Cyber-Loafing” by individual rightward arrows.

Conceptual framework. Source: Authors’ own work

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