Figure 2
The flowchart consists of six sequential rectangular textboxes connected by downward-pointing arrows. The first step is “1. Systematic Literature Review (S L R): to identify critical factors influencing W L C estimation in residential construction.” The second step is “2. Expert Interviews: to validate the literature-based factor set and gain practical insights.” The third step is “3. Develop W L C Hierarchy: Establish and structure key WLC components.” The fourth step is “4. Causal Loop Diagram (C L D) Modelling: Map feedback relationships between components..” The fifth step is “5. Centrality Analysis: Analyse component importance using network metrics..” The final step is “6. Framework Synthesis: Integrate findings into a comprehensive framework..”Methodology flowchart. Developed by the authors