Figure 6
The sequence diagram displays five actors at the top from left to right. The “Cement Manufacturer,” with a cement bag icon; “Regulatory Authority,” with a classical building icon; “Independent Auditor,” with a document and checkmark icon; “Sustainability Certification S C,” with a document and gear icon; and “Audit S C,” with a document and gear icon. Vertical dashed lines descend from each actor. A legend box positioned on the right displays “Events,” indicated by a red dashed line segment with red and blue dots, and “On-Chain,” indicated by a solid horizontal arrow. From top to bottom, the interactions proceed as follows: An “On-Chain” arrow pointing right from “Regulatory Authority” to “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Prompt S C to issue certificate.” An “On-Chain” arrow pointing left from “Audit S C” to “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Pull manufacturer audit results.” A dashed arrow pointing to itself “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Compute sustainability score (Using reported data associated with registration).” An “Events” arrow from “Cement Manufacturer” extending rightward to “Audit S C,” labeled “Announce sustainability score.” An “On-Chain” arrow pointing left from “Sustainability Certification S C” to “Regulatory Authority,” labeled “Request regulator approval.” An “On-Chain” arrow pointing right from “Regulatory Authority” to “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Approve or reject certification.” A dashed arrow pointing to itself “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Issue certification OR revoke slash deny certification.” An “Events” arrow from “Cement Manufacturer” extending rightward to “Sustainability Certification S C,” labeled “Announce certification results.Sequence diagram illustrating the interactions of stakeholders with the SCs in the certification phase of the proposed framework. Source: Authors' own creation/work