Figure 2
The table presents three columns labeled S R L and S S R L phases, Domains, and Strategies. The S R L and S S R L phases column has two main sections labeled Understanding the task and Setting learning goals and making plans. The Understanding the task section has one row with two sub-rows. The first sub-row has the Domain marked Motivation and the Strategy is marked Clarifying the learning objectives, Highlighting the importance of the content, and Using authentic problems or tasks. The second sub-row has the Strategy marked Connecting tasks with students professional or personal life. The Setting learning goals and making plans section has two main rows. The first main row has the Domain labeled Motivation, with four sub-rows. The first sub-row has a Goal marked Identifying the value of learning content, and Strategies marked Explaining the complexity of the group task, and Explaining group collaboration needed in real world. The second sub-row has a Goal marked Increasing self efficacy, and Strategies marked Modeling the tasks and Providing examples. The third sub-row has a Goal marked Leveraging external motivation, and a Strategy marked Evaluation criteria. The fourth sub-row has a Strategy marked Gamification for example, Digital badge, levels. The second main row has the Domain labeled Affect. The first sub-row has a Goal labeled Building trust, and Strategies labeled Ice breaker activities, and Creating a learning community through synchronous meetings, discussion forums, social media, and so on. The second sub-row has a Goal labeled Fostering positive interactions, and a Strategy labeled Facilitating group interactions for example, assign group roles. The third sub-row has a Strategy labeled Providing training on group discussion and communication skills. The third main row has the Domain labeled Cognition. The first sub-row has a Goal labeled Understanding the task, and Strategies labeled Reading, activating prior knowledge, and communicating, and Defining the problems. The second sub-row has a Goal labeled Setting shared and personal learning goals, and Strategies labeled Brainstorming learning goals, Negotiating shared learning goals, and Setting personal learning goals. The third sub-row has a Goal labeled Increasing Group awareness, and a Strategy labeled Sharing strengths and weaknesses of group members. The fourth sub-row has a Goal labeled Making shared and personal plans, and Strategies labeled Dividing group tasks into small tasks, Setting deadlines for small group tasks, and Assigning a small task to group members. The fifth sub-row has a Strategy labeled Individuals create personal plans. The fourth main row has the Domain labeled Behavior. It has one row with a Goal labeled Setting collaboration rules and a Strategy labeled Creating Group contract.4S PBL: The launching stage.