Figure 8
The vertical flowchart begins from the top center with a text box labeled “Define life cycle objectives”. A downward arrow points to a text box labeled “Select theoretical-construct label”. A downward arrow leads to a horizontal row of five text boxes labeled from left to right as follows: “Method”, “Model”, “Framework”, “Conceptual Framework”, and “Decision Support Tool”. Downward arrows from each of these five text boxes merge into a single downward arrow leading to a text box labeled “Adopt reference standards and databases”. A downward arrow points to a text box labeled “Choose optimization paradigm”. A downward arrow splits into two arrows pointing to two side-by-side text boxes. The left text box is labeled “Machine Learning Surrogate approach” and the right text box is labeled “Evolutionary Multi-objective optimization”. Downward arrows from both boxes merge into a single downward arrow pointing to a text box labeled “Select the core algorithm”. A downward arrow points to a text box labeled “Select design-variable cluster(s)”. A downward arrow splits into three arrows pointing to three side-by-side text boxes labeled from left to right as follows: “Services”, “Architectural”, and “Envelope”. Downward arrows from the three boxes merge into a single downward arrow pointing to a text box labeled “Select optimization and slash or simulation software”. A downward arrow leads to a text box labeled “Execute and generate output”. A downward arrow leads to a text box labeled “Happy with result?”. A leftward arrow labeled “YES” points to a text box labeled “Select preferred solution”. A rightward arrow labeled “NO” points upward to a text box labeled “Select the core algorithm”.Evidence-based nine-step framework for building life-cycle performance optimisation. Source: The authors