Figure 1
The flowchart shows three vertical text boxes representing three stages, arranged in a vertical series on the left. From top to bottom, these are labeled: “Identification,” “Screening,” and “Included.” In the “Identification” stage, a text box reads “Database: Scopus; Search query: (“electric vehicle” OR “EV” OR “electric cars” AND “charging station” OR “E V charging” OR “charging infrastructure” OR “charging batteries” OR “charging technology” OR “fast charging” OR “charging network” OR “smart charging” OR “charging policy”); Search Category: (Include articles “Titles, abstracts, and keywords”) and Time frame: Articles published during 2015 to 2025. (n equals 34,132).” A right-pointing arrow leads to another box labeled “Records removed due to subjects selection “Business and Management and Accounting” (n equals 33,198).” A downward-pointing arrow leads from this box to the “Screening” stage, to a text box labeled “Records screened (n equals 934).” A right-pointing arrow from this box leads to a text box labeled “Records excluded published other than article (n equals 407) Records removed other than English language (n equals 6).” A downward arrow from “Records screened (n equals 934)” leads to a text box labeled “Reports sought for retrieval (n equals 521)” in the same stage. A right-pointing arrow from this box leads to a text box labeled “Records removed other than source type journal (n equals 4) Records removed not in final publication (n equals 13).” A downward arrow from “Reports sought for retrieval (n equals 521)” leads to a text box labeled “Reports included documents (n equals 504)” in the same stage. A right-pointing arrow from this box leads to another text box labeled “Reports excluded: Remove duplicates; missing data (n equals 6).” A downward arrow from “Reports included documents (n equals 504)” leads to a text box labeled “Final inclusion: (n equals 498)” in the “Included” stage.Data inclusion criteria (based on PRISMA guidelines). Source: Authors’ composition