Figure 1
The flowchart begins with the dark blue rectangular text box at the center that reads, “Cement Industry”. An upward arrow from “Cement Industry” leads to an orange rectangular text box reading, “Environmental Pollution”. Arrows radiate from “Environmental Pollution” to eight orange rectangular text boxes reading, from left to right: “Volatile organic carbon compounds V O Cs”, “Particulate Matter”, “Acids”, “Kiln Dust”, “Carbon Dioxide”, “Noise”, “Heavy Metals”, and “Nitrogen Oxide N O 2”. A rightward arrow from “Cement Industry” leads to a teal rectangular text box reading, “Environmental Impact”. Arrows radiate from “Environmental Impact” to five cyan rectangular text boxes, reading, from top to bottom: “Global Warming”, “Ozone layer depletion”, “Human toxicity”, “Photochemical oxidation”, and “Acidification”. A downward arrow from “Cement Industry” leads to a blue rectangular text box reading, “Health Impact”. Arrows radiate from “Health Impact” to five blue rectangular text boxes, reading, from left to right: “E N T Irritations”, “Cardiovascular diseases”, “Headaches and anxiety S O 2”, “Impact on respiratory system, Lung cancer”, and “Asthma, Impact on liver, spleen, and blood N O 2”. A leftward arrow from “Cement Industry” leads to a red rectangular text box reading, “Manufacturing Activities”. Arrows radiate from “Manufacturing Activities” to five light red rectangular text boxes, reading, from top to bottom: “Cement Grinding”, “Calcination”, “Mining”, “Crushing”, and “Cement Packaging”.Diverse routes of cement industry pollution and its possible impacts. Source: Authors’ work