Figure 1
The framework titled “Dynamic Service Space” shows a flow between three main sections: The “Asset” on the left, “Data Exchange” in the center, and “Digital Replica (Agents)” on the right. The “Asset” section contains four vertically arranged text boxes labeled from top to bottom as “Physical”, accompanied by a building icon on its left; “Process”, with an icon of interlocking building blocks icon on its left; “Technology Systems”, with a computer network icon on its left; and “Social”, with a human figure icon on its left. The left section and the middle section are connected with leftward and rightward arrows. The middle section is labeled “Data Exchange” at the top and “Feedback Loop” at the bottom, with both labels connected to each other by double-headed vertical arrows. The section “Data Exchange” includes three vertically arranged text boxes labeled from top to bottom as “Historical Data (Past records and trends)”, “Real-Time Data (Live sensor feeds and interactions)”, and “Synthetic Data (Simulated and generated datasets)”. The middle and right sections are also connected with leftward and rightward arrows. The “Digital Replica (Agents)” section on the right contains seven vertically arranged text boxes labeled from top to bottom as “Modeling”, with two interlocking wheel icons on its left; “Predictions”, with a line bar graph icon on its left; “Simulations”, with a 3 D cuboid icon on its left; “Visualization”, with a presentation board icon on its left; “Intervention Actions”, with a question mark and block diagram icon on its left; “Reconfiguration”, with a gear icon on its left; and “Innovation”, with a light bulb icon on its left. At the bottom of the framework, three arrows are arranged sequentially to form a ladder. The first arrow, positioned at the base of the ladder below the “Asset” section, is labeled “Past Events (T minus x): Initial state before digital integration”. The second arrow, placed one step higher below the “Data Exchange” section, is labeled “Moment of Truth (T equals M o T): Real-time interaction with the digital twin”. The third arrow, at the top step of the ladder below the “Digital Replica (Agents)” section, is labeled “Future State (T plus n): Continuous optimization and innovation”. The conceptual framework highlights the dynamic nature of C X digital twins. Note the four dimensions: the asset, data exchange, digital replica (agents), and the feedback loop.CX digital twins conceptual framework. Source: Authors' own work