Figure 1
The chart progresses sequentially from “Phase 1” to “Phase 5,” showing the inclusion and exclusion of studies throughout. Phase 1: Pilot literature search (n equals 100,785 asterisk and n equals 6,793,373 from Web of Science double asterisk). Phase 2: Structured search (n equals 259 asterisk and n equals 780 double asterisk). A side box indicates a major exclusion at this level: “Excluded by article type, year, field, and language (n equals 991).” Phase 3: Evaluating or shifting material (n equals 47). A side box indicates a second exclusion: “Items sifted for criteria of relevance, peer review, and duplication (n equals 9).” Phase 4: Analysis or thematic coding (n equals 35). A side box indicates a third exclusion: “Items excluded from synthesis for not answering RQs (n equals 12).” Phase 5: Final full-text items for synthesis (n equals 51). A side box indicates an addition at this final stage: “Cross-references included (n equals 16).” Each phase is enclosed within a rectangular box. A note at the bottom shows the following information: Single asterisk: Scopus. Double asterisk: Web of Science.Phases of systematic literature review (Briner and Deyner, 2012)