Figure 3
The vertical flowchart titled “Strategies for EV battery waste management in Indonesia” on the right is framed by a dashed outline. Step 1 (top box, gray header): “Identification of the C E implementation in E V battery waste”—describes “C E implementation through a literature review; Semi structured interviews with stakeholders; and Site visits to small local E V battery repair shop”. Step 2 (second box, gray header): “Identification of opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of the waste management industry”—lists “Identifies the internal factors consist of tangible resources, intangible resources and human capital; Identifies the external factors consist of political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal (P E S T E L); Identifies the waste management industry using the Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (S W O T) Matrix; and Data collection was carried out by interview with General Chair of the Indonesian Hazardous and Toxic Material Waste Management Association (A P L I)”. Step 3 (third box): “Evaluation of external and internal factors”—explains “Evaluation of external and internal factors using Internal Factor Evaluation (I F E) and External Factor Evaluation (E F E); and Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire that was distributed to 15 Indonesian-based waste management companies”. Step 4 (bottom box, gray header): “Formulation of strategies for EV battery waste management companies”—details “Formulation strategy using S W O T Matrix consists of four strategies: S-O (strengths-opportunities), W-O (weaknesses-opportunities), S-T (strengths-threats), and W-T (weaknesses-threats)”. Arrows connect the boxes top-to-bottom, showing the logical sequence from identification through strategy formulation.The Research Steps