Figure 1
The diagram depicts two periods, each marked by a dashed rectangle: “Pre-pandemic 2010 to 2015” on the left and “Pandemic 2020 to 2022” on the right. Inside each rectangle are two horizontally aligned rectangles; the upper one is labeled “Offshoring,” and the lower one is labeled “Backshoring.” Within each period, double-headed arrows point between “Offshoring” and “Backshoring.” Between periods, double-headed arrows connect each matching label across the left and right rectangles—one arrow links “Offshoring” across periods, and another links “Backshoring” across periods.Research framework