Figure 1
The figure shows two boxes. The box on the left has two titled sections. The first section, titled “Project owner ‘hand-off,’” has the following pointers: “Centuries ago hand-shake,” “Industrial revolution to mid-late 1900s D B B and D and C,” and “Mid-late 1900s Partnering.” The second title is “Fragmented teams.” Under “Fragmented teams,” a long down-pointing arrow is accompanied by the text, “Mid-late 1900s Turnkey, B O O T, P P P variants.” The box on the right side is slightly lower than the first box. It also has two titled sections. The first section, titled “Project owner ‘hand-on,’” includes the following text: “Late-1990s onward I P D, I F O A.” The second section is titled “Highly integrated teams,” with the following labels: “Mid-1900s to current Alliancing,” and “2000s onward “U K N E C 3 slash 4 contracts,” accompanied by a downward arrow.Illustration of timeline evolution of collaborative integrated project delivery. Source(s): Created by author