Figure 1
The framework begins with a large dashed rectangular box that contains two sections: Phase 1 on the left and Phase 2 on the right. On the left side, a text box labeled “Phase 1: Identification of key sustainability potentials” is positioned at the top. Two downward branches emerge from this Phase 1 box. The left branch contains a text box labeled “Literature review,” followed by a downward arrow pointing to another text box labeled “Open coding”. The right branch contains a text box labeled “Conduct expert interviews,” followed by a downward arrow pointing to a text box labeled “Open coding”. Both text boxes labeled “Open coding” on the left and right branches are connected with downward arrows that merge together and point toward a text box positioned below labeled “Combine and discuss codes in multiple discussion rounds”. A downward arrow emerges from this text box and points toward another text box positioned below labeled “Finalization of codes and identification of key sustainability potentials”. On the right side, at the top, a text box labeled “Phase 2: Conducting a D E M A T E L survey” is positioned. The final text box from Phase 1, labeled “Finalization of codes and identification of key sustainability potentials,” connects to Phase 2 with a rightward arrow extending to the top right. Below the Phase 2 heading, four vertically arranged text boxes are connected by downward arrows. The first box below the heading is labeled “Build an online questionnaire matrix according to the key sustainability potentials,” followed by a downward arrow pointing to the second box labeled “Search for experts”. Another downward arrow connects to the third box labeled “Conduct online survey,” and the final downward arrow points to the fourth box labeled “Develop an average direct influence matrix”. Outside the dashed box, positioned below, a single downward arrow in the center leads to another section labeled “Phase 3: Analyzing relationships”. Below this heading, four vertically aligned text boxes are arranged and connected by downward arrows. These boxes are labeled sequentially as “Normalize the initial direct influence matrix,” followed by a downward arrow pointing to the second box labeled “Calculate the total influence matrix”. Another downward arrow connects to the third box labeled “Calculate a threshold value,” and the final downward arrow points to the fourth box labeled “Produce the causal diagram”.Research approach. Source: Authors’ own work