Figure 1
A developmental transformation framework with gradual and sudden changes in traveler's perceptions and identity.The framework is divided into two horizontal pathways: an upper path labeled “An unconscious process” and a lower path labeled “A conscious process”. Unconscious Process (Upper Path): This process is enclosed in a dashed rectangle. This process begins with a stack of overlapping rectangles labeled: “Subtle changes in perception resulting from fractures during travel”. A small label beneath the stack reads “Accumulating.“ A rightward arrow ”Seep into “leads to a box labeled “Habits”, followed by another arrow ”Transformed“ leading into a box labeled “Manifest in one’s behavior and demeanor”. Conscious Process (Lower Path): The lower row begins on the right with a box labeled: “Making transformed outcomes recognizable”. A leftward arrow ”Evoke“ leads to a box labeled “At this moment, a transformative experience emerges”. Another leftward arrow, ”New narratives,“ leads to a box labeled “Reframing one’s identity and the meaning of corresponding memories”. At the top right, a starburst shape contains the text: “Episodes during or after travel serve as triggers”. An arrow points downward from the star to the box “Making transformed outcomes recognizable” through the box “Manifest in one’s behavior and demeanor”.

Framework of developmental transformation. Source: Developed by author

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