Figure 2
The diagram shows a central text box labeled “Current Techniques of Impervious Area”. This central text box connects with three surrounding text boxes using double-headed vertical arrows, each arrow labeled “associated with”. The text box at the top is labeled “Policy Evolution”, the text box at the bottom left is labeled “Water Management Approaches”, and the text box at the center right is labeled “Green Infrastructure”. “Water Management Approaches” is positioned on the lower left and connects to four text boxes placed to its left with individual outward arrows labeled “Link to”. From top to bottom, these four text boxes are labeled as follows: Text box 1: “Retention and detention devices”. Text box 2: “Rainwater reuse tanks”. Text box 3: “Waterproof materials”. Text box 4: “Focus on accommodating rather than redirecting water”. “Policy Evolution” is positioned at the top and connects upward to six text boxes with outward arrows labeled “Link to”. The six text boxes are labeled as follows: Text box 5: “Monitoring through resource consents”. Text box 6: “Reliance on resource consents and zoning”. Text box 7: “Integration of Water Sensitive Urban Design (W S U D) principles”. Text box 8: “Maximum impervious area limits (varying by region, for example, 35 to 75 percent in Auckland)”. Text box 9: “Integration with district and regional plan policies”. Text box 10: “Evolution from ad-hoc approaches to structured frameworks”. “Green Infrastructure” is positioned at the center right and connects to six text boxes arranged around it with outward arrows labeled “Link to”. The six text boxes are labeled as follows: Text box 11: “Swales”. Text box 12: “Permeable paving options (Gobi blocks, grass pavers)”. Text box 13: “Natural Wetland Areas”. Text box 14: “Rain Gardens”. Text box 15: “Stormwater Tanks”. Text box 16: “Green Roofs”. Each textbox has a diamond-shaped icon in front of its label.Current techniques identified for reducing impervious areas. Source: Authors' own work