Figure 2.
A thematic coding map showing how knowledge distance, contingency, and engagement affect knowledge transfer within and beyond business networks.The image presents a thematic coding diagram focused on business knowledge exchange. It includes three columns mapping first-order constructs with empirical data, second-order themes developed through axial coding, and resulting aggregate dimensions. In the first section, two constructs including no new knowledge created by multinational enterprises and difficulty reaching outer firms are categorized under the theme neither too similar nor too distant to network knowledge to be useful. This leads to the dimension knowledge distance. The next group of constructs discusses continued development and interaction by the governing group and transfer of knowledge by small and medium-sized enterprises. These are coded as knowledge exchange leads to knowledge development and knowledge transfer possibly practiced without development. Together they form the dimension knowledge contingency. The final group includes constructs on varying participation levels and engagement levels. These are grouped under the theme knowledge creation influenced by cause engagement, which results in the dimension knowledge engagement mediates knowledge distance.

Analytical coding of beyond-net knowledge use and development in relation to the net

Note(s): Grey first-order constructs relate to the environmental net, whereas white first-order constructs relate to the revitalisation net

Source: Authors’ own work

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