Figure 1
The image features two views of a metallic component used in hydraulic systems. The left view shows a block with AM channels integrated into its design, a milled preform, two hydraulic components, and labels identifying these elements. The right view presents the block from a different angle, emphasizing the build direction with an upward arrow, and clearly displaying the milled interface and additional hydraulic components. The overall layout demonstrates the arrangement of the hydraulic parts and their integration into the larger structure effectively.Hybrid manufacturing approach using a milled preform incorporating the interfaces to the hydraulic components as a base for the subsequent AM process (LPBF) to manufacture the complex fluid channels
Source: Authors’ own work