Figure 2.
The diagram visualises relationships among multiple technological domains and their influence on a green sustainable campus. Five main constructs are represented with blue circular nodes: I O T System, Smart Building Technologies, Data Analytics for Resource Management, Automation in Facilities, and Digital Infrastructure. Each construct is linked to multiple observed variables (in yellow boxes), showing loading values for each. For instance, the I O T System is linked to five indicators ranging from 0.855 to 0.896. Similarly, Smart Building Technologies, Data Analytics, and Automation in Facilities are linked to their respective indicators, all with high loading values above 0.82. Central to the model is Technology Adoption, influenced by the four main constructs. It receives strong path coefficients, such as 0.256 from I O T System and 0.244 from Data Analytics. Technology Adoption, in turn, influences both Digital Infrastructure and the Green Sustainable Campus. The Green Sustainable Campus construct is also directly influenced by all other technologies and includes five indicators with high loadings above 0.86. Digital Infrastructure is shown as a mediating construct, receiving pink dotted lines from the four main technologies and exerting additional influence on the Green Sustainable Campus. All relationships are quantified with path coefficients, showing how technological systems directly or indirectly contribute to campus sustainability outcomes.Measurement model with outer loadings and AVE values from PLS-algorithm
Source: Authors’ own work