Figure 2.
A conceptual framework connects theological and empirical layers, integrating divine sources and empirical phenomena for Islamic social responsibility through reasoning, contextual analysis, and integration procedures.The framework depicts the theological layer, centred on Allah, linking to two main sources: Qauliyah Verse representing Al-Quran and Qauniyah Verse representing nature and empirical phenomena related to corporate social responsibility. Both connect to As-Sunnah, supported by reasoning methodsBurhani and Maqoshid Syariah. Stakeholders contextuality and content analysis inform the compound element, which contributes to the Islamic social responsibility construct, or I S R, through integration procedures.

Construction of ISR methodology

Source: Figure by authors

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