Figure 6
The figure is a two-by-two grid of plots, each with the same axes, where the horizontal axis is labeled “Time”, ranging from 0 to 1800 with an interval of 200, and the vertical axis is labeled “Speed (kilometers per hour)”, ranging from negative 20 to 140 with an interval of 20. Each subplot compares a blue line and a red line that trace speed versus time for a specific simulation run and topology, annotated beneath each panel. In subplot (a), captioned “Run 1, Topology (2): F T – I C E – V E H”, the blue speed trace starts near “0 kilometers per hour”, oscillates between “0” and about “60 kilometers per hour” for the first “600 seconds”, then includes repeated accelerations up to around “80–100 kilometers per hour” between “600 seconds” and “1200 seconds”, and finally peaks near “130–135 kilometers per hour” around “1650 seconds” before dropping sharply to “0” at “1800 seconds”; the red trace follows the same drive cycle but at generally lower speeds, rarely exceeding about “80 kilometers per hour”. In subplot (b), captioned “Run 2, Topology (8): F T – I C E – V E H”, the blue trace again spans the full drive cycle, with similar fluctuations and peaks around “130 kilometers per hour” near the end, while the red trace stays close to “0 kilometers per hour” for most of the time and only rises to small values below about “20 kilometers per hour”. In subplot (c), captioned “Run 2, Topology 2: F T – I C E – G B – V E H”, the blue and red lines almost overlap for the entire “0–1800 seconds” period, both following the same detailed speed profile with frequent accelerations and decelerations and a final peak near “130 kilometers per hour”, showing close agreement between target and achieved speeds. In subplot (d), captioned “Run 2, Topology 5: B A T – M O T – V E H”, only the red trace is prominent; it closely matches the complex drive cycle from “0” to “1800 seconds” with repeated oscillations between “0” and “60 kilometers per hour”, intermediate plateaus around “80–100 kilometers per hour”, and a final burst to about “130 kilometers per hour” before dropping to “0”, while a faint blue trace is barely visible only near the final peak. Note: All the numerical data values are approximated.Performance plots of select topologies. Red is achieved speed and Blue is reference drive cycle speed. Topologies with numbered labels surrounded by parentheses are the rejected ones