Figure 4.
The line chart illustrates the average number of bidders in public procurement from 2011 to 2021. The horizontal axis represents years, and the vertical axis indicates the average number of bidders per tender. Starting close to six bidders in 2011, the number declines steadily to around four by 2015 and stabilises at roughly three from 2017 onwards. The pattern shows a continuous reduction in competition intensity among bidders across the observed period.Average number of bidders for EU tenders
Source(s): Figure courtesy of data from ECA (2023); adapted by the author