Figure 7
The table consists of 12 columns and 18 rows. The headings of the columns are as follows: First Column, Second-order theme, Second Column, Cloud Computing (C C), Third Column, Internet of Things (I o T), Fourth Column, Big Data Analytics (B D A), Fifth Column, Autonomous Robots, Sixth Column, Artificial Intelligence (A I), Seventh Column, Blockchain, Eighth Column, Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R), Ninth Column, Additive Manufacturing (A M), Tenth Column, Digital Twin, Eleventh Column, Simulation, and Twelfth Column, Horizontal and Vertical Integration. The column headers represent technologies. A legend at the right shows the following: A filled circle represents High, a blank circle represents Medium, and a triangle represents Low. The row headers are as follows: A 1, A 2, A 3, A 4, A 5, and A 6. The row entries are as follows: Row 1: A 1: Second-order theme: S 1. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): High. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: High. Artificial Intelligence (A I): High. Blockchain: Low. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Medium. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Low. Digital Twin: High. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: High. Row 2: A 1: Second-order theme: S 2. Cloud Computing (C C): High. Internet of Things (I o T): High. Big Data Analytics (B D A): High. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): High. Blockchain: Medium. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: High. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: High. Row 3: A 1: Second-order theme: S 3. Cloud Computing (C C): High. Internet of Things (I o T): High. Big Data Analytics (B D A): High. Autonomous Robots: Low. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: High. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: High. Row 4: A 2: Second-order theme: S 4. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Medium. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Low. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Medium. Digital Twin: High. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Medium. Row 5: A 2: Second-order theme: S 5. Cloud Computing (C C): High. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): High. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Medium. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Medium. Row 6: A 2: Second-order theme: S 6. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Medium. Artificial Intelligence (A I): High. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Low. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Medium. Digital Twin: High. Simulation: high. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Medium. Row 7: A 2: Second-order theme: S 7. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Blank. Autonomous Robots: Medium. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Low. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 8: A 3: Second-order theme: S 8. Cloud Computing (C C): Blank. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Low. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 9: A 3: Second-order theme: S 9. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Low. Blockchain: High. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Low. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Medium. Row 10: A 3: Second-order theme: S 10. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Low. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Medium. Row 11: A 3: Second-order theme: S 11. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): High. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Low. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: High. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: High. Row 12: A 4: Second-order theme: S 12. Cloud Computing (C C): Medium. Internet of Things (I o T): High. Big Data Analytics (B D A): High. Autonomous Robots: High. Artificial Intelligence (A I): High. Blockchain: Medium. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Low. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Low. Digital Twin: High. Simulation: High. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: High. Row 13: A 4: Second-order theme: S 13. Cloud Computing (C C): Low. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Blank. Autonomous Robots: Medium. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Low. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): High. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 14: A 4: Second-order theme: S 14. Cloud Computing (C C): Blank. Internet of Things (I o T): Low. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Low. Blockchain: High. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 15: A 5: Second-order theme: S 15. Cloud Computing (C C): Blank. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Blank. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Blank. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Medium. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 16: A 5: Second-order theme: S 16. Cloud Computing (C C): Blank. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Blank. Autonomous Robots: Low. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Low. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Low. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Medium. Simulation: Medium. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Low. Row 17: A 6: Second-order theme: S 17. Cloud Computing (C C): Blank. Internet of Things (I o T): Blank. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Blank. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Blank. Blockchain: Blank. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank. Row 18: A 6: Second-order theme: S 18. Cloud Computing (C C): Low. Internet of Things (I o T): Medium. Big Data Analytics (B D A): Medium. Autonomous Robots: Blank. Artificial Intelligence (A I): Medium. Blockchain: Low. Augmented Reality (A R) and Virtual Reality (V R): Blank. Additive Manufacturing (A M): Blank. Digital Twin: Blank. Simulation: Blank. Vertical and Horizontal Integration: Blank.Framework linking Industry 4.0 enabling factors (in columns) to challenges (in rows). Source: Authors’ own work