Figure 1.
Long Description Text: The diagram presents university efficiency through input and output indicators. Input indicators include citation scores, total documents published, P h D studies, scientific documents, and faculty-to-student ratio. Output indicators include the competence of scientific and technological research, intellectual property pool, cooperation and interaction, and economic contribution and commercialization. University efficiency is represented as the balanced outcome of these indicators.Input and output performance indicators
Source(s): Figures are by authors