Figure 1
The block model depicts a wide horizontal rectangle labeled “A I functions”, which contains three side-by-side vertical columns of rectangular blocks. The left column, titled “Real-time monitoring and assessment of building performance”, points via an arrow to paired rectangles. The first paired rectangles are labeled “Material defects”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner, and “Components features”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner. Below this, another stacked paired rectangle contains “Monitoring of building performance”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner, and “Embodied carbon”, with the number marking (3) at the top right corner. This is followed by a dotted line connecting to another stacked paired rectangle labeled “Energy rating of buildings”, with the number marking (6) at the top right corner, and “Energy efficiency”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner. Below these are additional paired rectangles labeled “Predicting maintenance needs”, with the number marking (6) at the top right corner, and “Recording real-time building performance”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner. At the bottom of this column is a paired rectangle labeled “Predicting lifecycle assessments”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner, and “Environmental impacts”, with the number marking (6) at the top right corner. The center column, titled “Construction and material management”, shows the paired rectangles “Material selection”, with the number marking (5) at the top right corner, and “Facilitating the deconstruction”, with the number marking (3) at the top right corner. Below these are the paired rectangles “Optimizing resource usage”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner, and “Minimizing waste”, with the number marking (3) at the top right corner. These are followed by “Tracking building materials”, with the number marking (1) at the top right corner, and “Manufacturing low-energy materials”, with the number marking (5) at the top right corner. The right column, titled “Optimization of design”, shows the paired rectangles “Optimizing design elements”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner, and “Energy-efficient designs”, with the number marking (5) at the top right corner. Below these are the paired rectangles “Modifying building designs”, with the number marking (5) at the top right corner, and “Optimizing building cost”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner. These are followed by “Optimizing structural designs”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner, and “Simplifying modeling processes”, with the number marking (4) at the top right corner. A separate rectangle below is labeled “Simulating loading conditions”, with the number marking (5) at the top right corner. The rectangles labeled “Material defects”, “Facilitating the deconstruction”, “Optimizing resource usage”, “Optimizing design elements”, “Energy-efficient designs”, “Optimizing building cost”, and “Optimizing structural designs” each contain colored circular markings at the bottom left corner. At the bottom left of the diagram, a large rectangle labeled “Advantages” contains two vertical stacks of smaller rectangles. On the left side, the listed terms are “Accuracy”, “Cost optimization”, and “Capability”. From this stack, an arrow leads to a single block containing stacked terms labeled “Modeling capability”, “Reuse capability”, and “Deconstruction capability”. On the right side, the listed terms are “Productivity”, “Flexibility”, and “Efficiency”. From this stack, an arrow leads to a single block containing the stacked terms “Energy efficiency”, “Speed efficiency”, and “Deconstruction efficiency”. Within the “Advantages” block, all terms except “Capability” on the left and “Efficiency” on the right have colored circular markings at the bottom left corner. A downward arrow from “A I functions” and a rightward arrow from “Advantages” point to a rectangular block at the bottom right labeled “A I implementation to achieving C E purposes (for example, reuse) in timber construction”.Contributions of AI to achieving CE purposes in timber construction. Source: Authors’ own work