Figure 1
The flow diagram presents five stages of industrial revolutions arranged horizontally from left to right, with a vertical left bracket on the far left labeled “Industrial Revolutions”. From left to right, each stage is shown as a vertical sequence with a cylindrical block at the top, a downward arrow, a rectangular year block, a brace beneath the year, and a description block at the bottom. First stage: At the top is a cylinder labeled “I 1.0”. A downward arrow runs from “I 1.0” to a rectangular block labeled “1784”. Beneath this year, a brace points downward to a rectangular description block labeled “Water and steam power”. Second stage: At the top is a cylinder labeled “I 2.0”. A downward arrow runs from “I 2.0” to a rectangular block labeled “1870”. Beneath this year, a brace points downward to a rectangular description block labeled “Labor division and electrical energy”. Third stage: At the top is a cylinder labeled “I 3.0”. A downward arrow runs from “I 3.0” to a rectangular block labeled “1969”. Beneath this year, a brace points downward to a rectangular description block labeled “Electronics and I T”. Fourth stage: At the top is a cylinder labeled “I 4.0”. A downward arrow runs from “I 4.0” to a rectangular block labeled “2011”. Beneath this year, a brace points downward to a rectangular description block labeled “Mass production and I C Ts”. Fifth stage: At the top is a cylinder labeled “I 5.0”. A downward arrow runs from “I 5.0” to a rectangular block labeled “2019”. Beneath this year, a brace points downward to a rectangular description block labeled “Mass personalized production and Human I C Ts”.Different industrial revolutions