Figure 6
The flow diagram is arranged from top to bottom with three vertical columns labeled at the top as “Barriers to I 5.0”, “Mitigation strategies”, and “Stakeholder benefits”. Downward arrows indicate progression within each column, and horizontal arrows connect corresponding boxes from left to right. In the left column under “Barriers to I 5.0”, the first three-dimensional rectangle box is labeled “Lack of connection between virtual and physical system”. A rightward arrow from this box points to a rounded rectangle in the middle column. A downward arrow from this left box points to the next box labeled “Making system more automated and digital”. The middle-column rounded rectangle aligned with “Lack of connection between virtual and physical system” contains the following text: “The integration between physical and virtual systems can be enhanced by providing real-time feedback in a bidirectional way, human-centric digital twin systems, and taking into account ergonomic measures in the system. This will ensure more trust in the virtual and physical system and will boost reliability in the system. Further, the use of technologies like COBOT, I I o T, and explainable A I leads to improved trust among virtual and physical systems through the use of advanced sensors, seamless integration and near-human observation capabilities built within the industrial system”. A rightward arrow from this rounded rectangle points to a document-shaped box in the right column containing two bullet points: “Enhanced worker trust within system capabilities” and “Improved decision making for industrial managers”. Below, the second box in the left column is labeled “Making system more automated and digital”. A rightward arrow from this box points to the next rounded rectangle in the middle column, which contains the following text: “The industrial system can be made more automated and digital by substantially investment in digital set of technologies like I I o T sensors, faster communication networks, COBOTs and providing training to the workforce on different aspects of the digital set of technologies and potential benefits associated with the use of robotics within the industrial settings”. A rightward arrow from this rounded rectangle points to a document-shaped box in the right column containing two bullet points: “Improved production rate and less wastage” and “Improved environmental sustainability”. A downward arrow from the second box leads to the third box labeled “Lack of finances”. A rightward arrow from this box points to the next rounded rectangle in the middle column, which contains the following text: “Barriers ‘Lack of finance can be mitigated by developing financial institutions that provide easier credit access to the industries that are in the run to adopt I 5.0 practices. Government policies conducive to banks also prompt easier loan access for industries. Recently, different policies of India, and Make in India, provided a boost in manufacturing firms to have easier credit access at a subsidized rate to prompt the adoption of advanced technologies to produce high-precision mass-customised products within the Indian territory”. A rightward arrow from this rounded rectangle points to a document-shaped box in the right column containing three bullet points: “Improved financial strength of the industry” and “Easy credit access for investment in technology and training”. A downward arrow from the third box leads to the fourth box labeled “Regularization standards”. A rightward arrow from this box points to the final rounded rectangle in the middle column, which contains the following text: “Formation of standard frameworks. Government policies to include I 5.0 measures in smart manufacturing systems and provide subsidies and incentives for I 5.0 adoption. Provide certifications and formulation of maturity assessment models”. A rightward arrow from this rounded rectangle points to the final document-shaped box in the right column containing four bullet points: “Easier monitoring and better compliance to rules”, “Better workplace protection”, “Large market opportunity for technology providers”, and “Low carbon footprint and resilient industrial growth”.Barriers, associated mitigation strategies and potential stakeholders' benefits