Figure 1
The figure starts from the center, with a circle labeled “Techniques to avoid plagiarism (T A P)”. Individual large text boxes are positioned on either side of the circle, each containing two smaller text boxes arranged in a vertical series. The large text box on the left is labeled “Plagiarism perceptions and awareness”. From top to bottom, the smaller text boxes in this are labeled as follows: “Ethical and academic integrity (E A I)” and “Legal and institutional consequences (L I C)”. The large text box on the right is labeled “Reasons behind involving plagiarism”. From top to bottom, the smaller text boxes in this are labeled as follows: “Educational environment and support (E E S)” and “Academic pressures and incentives (A P I)”. Individual leftward arrows, labeled “H subscript 1” and “H subscript 2”, point from “Techniques to avoid plagiarism (T A P)” to “Ethical and academic integrity (E A I)” and “Legal and institutional consequences (L I C)”, respectively. Similarly, individual rightward arrows, labeled “H subscript 7” and “H subscript 8”, point from “Techniques to avoid plagiarism (T A P)” to “Educational environment and support (E E S)” and “Academic pressures and incentives (A P I)”, respectively. Additionally, a leftward arrow labeled “H subscript 4” points from “Educational environment and support (E E S)”. Further, a leftward arrow labeled “H subscript 5” points from “Academic pressures and incentives (A P I)” to “Legal and institutional consequences (L I C)”. An upward arrow labeled “H subscript 6” points from the “H subscript 5” arrow to “Ethical and academic integrity (E A I)”.Conceptual framework (Authors self-developed). Source(s): Authors' own creation