The line chart compares Waterfall, Agile, Critical Path, Adaptive Management, and Hybrid across five phases: Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation, and Transition and Exit. Hybrid remains highest across all phases, rising from about 12 in Assessment to about 13 in Implementation and remaining stable. Agile ranges between 6 and 8. Waterfall varies between 4 and 6. Critical Path peaks near 7 in Planning and drops near 2 in Implementation. Adaptive Management peaks near 7 in Implementation and declines to about 3 in Transition and Exit.Project methodology used per project phase
Note(s): This visual comparison showcases the hybrid approach along with four other methodologies (waterfall, agile, critical path and adaptive management), reflecting diverse preferences in each phase. Key takeaway: hybrid PMM is consistently the most frequently used methodology across all project phases, particularly during planning, implementation and monitoring. This indicates that practitioners rely on hybrid practices not only during early scoping or late-stage sustainability planning but throughout the entire project cycle. Other methodologies demonstrate more phase-specific use, such as critical path during planning and adaptive management during implementation, showing that teams selectively apply nonhybrid methods where they fit operational needs
Source: Authors’ own work