Figure 2
The graph title at the top reads “m(xi)”. The horizontal axis lists indicators labeled from “M 1 (Material availability or criticality)”, “M 2 (Material health or toxicity)”, “M 3 (Biological material input)”, “M 4 (Sustainable renewable virgin material)”, “M 5 (Unsustainable renewable virgin material)”, “M 6 (Non renewable virgin material)”, “M 7 (Renewable recycled materials)”, “M 8 (Non renewable recycled materials)”, “M 9 (Renewable reused materials)”, “M 10 (Non renewable reused materials)”, “M 11 (Repaired materials)”, “M 12 (Refurbished materials)”, “M 13 (Remanufactured materials)”, “M 14 (Repurposed materials)”, “M 15 (Materials required for construction)”, “M 16 (Efficiency of the component and feedback)”, “M 17 (Materials required for maintenance and repair)”, “M 18 (Material durability)”, “W 1 (Biological material output)”, “W 2 (Solid waste or landfill waste)”, “W 3 (Hazardous waste)”, “W 4 (Waste reusing)”, “W 5 (Waste recycling)”, “W 6 (Efficiency of the recycling process)”, “W 7 (Recycling loss)”, “W 8 (End of life materials for incineration)”, “W 9 (Manufacturing waste)”, “W 10 (Construction transport waste)”, “W 11 (Maintenance and repair loss)”, “W 12 (Waste generated during material separation)”, “E 1 (Renewable energy usage)”, “E 2 (Virgin non renewable energy usage)”, “, “A 1 (Circular water outflow)”, A 2 (Circular water usage)” , “A 3 (Ratio water reuse or circulation)”, “C 1 (C O 2 emissions)”, “D 1 (Refuse unnecessary new construction)”, “D 2 (Site quality)”, “D 3 (Lifetime of the product or robustness)”, “D 4 (Adaptability and flexibility)”, “D 5 (Dis or re assembly)”, “D 6 (Transportability)”, “D 7 (Uniqueness or commonality)”, “D 8 (Deconstruction)”, “D 9 (Resilience or resource longevity)”, “D 10 (Prefabricated assemblies)”, “D 11 (Take back systems)”, “D 12 (Simplicity)”, “D 13 (Standardization)”, “D 14 (Modularity)”, “D 15 (Repairability)”, and “D 16 (Durability of products)” at equal categorical intervals. The vertical axis ranges from 0 to 1 in increments of 0.1 units. A horizontal reference line is drawn at 0.65 and labeled “0.65” on the right side. Vertical bars represent the value of each indicator. Data from the bars are as follows:_x000b_For W 1 (Biological material output): 0.94. For W 2 (Solid waste or landfill waste): 0.92. For W 3 (Hazardous waste): 0.95. For W 4 (Waste reusing): 0.1. For W 5 (Waste recycling): 0.96. For W 6 (Efficiency of the recycling process): 0.99. For W 7 (Recycling loss): 0.88. For W 8 (End of life materials for incineration): 0.85. For W 9 (Manufacturing waste): 0.92. For W 10 (Construction transport waste): 0.78. For W 11 (Maintenance and repair loss): 0.92. For W 12 (Waste generated during material separation): 0.87._x000b_For E 1 (Renewable energy usage): 0.93. For E 2 (Virgin non renewable energy usage): 0.70. For A 1 (Circular water outflow): 0.88. For A 2 (Circular water usage): 0.89. For A 3 (Ratio water reuse or circulation): 0.91. For C 1 (C O 2 emissions): 0.91. For D 1 (Refuse unnecessary new construction): 1.00. For D 2 (Site quality): 0.73. For D 3 (Lifetime of the product or robustness): 0.99. For D 4 (Adaptability and flexibility): 1.00. For D 5 (Dis or re assembly): 1.00. For D 6 (Transportability): 0.78. For D 7 (Uniqueness or commonality): 0.78. For D 8 (Deconstruction): 1.00. For D 9 (Resilience or resource longevity): 1.00. For D 10 (Prefabricated assemblies): 0.88. For D 11 (Take back systems): 0.99. For D 12 (Simplicity): 0.91. For D 13 (Standardization): 0.99. For D 14 (Modularity): 1.00. For D 15 (Repairability): 1.00. For D 16 (Durability of products): 1.00. Note: All numerical values are approximated.Degree of membership for each KPI compared to the threshold value (0.65). Source: Authors’ own work