Figure 3
The figure contains a concentric circular diagram and a legend panel side by side. On the left side of the figure, a concentric circular diagram centered on a circle labeled “B C subscript K P I F Building Circularity K P I s Framework”. The circle contains four rings. The first ring is labeled “Categories”, the second ring is labeled “K P I s”, the third ring is labeled “K P I Weight or Prioritization by Category”, and the outermost ring is labeled “K P I Rank or Prioritization”. Surrounding the center, the first ring has four sectors arranged clockwise: “Material” on the right side, “Design and Others” at the bottom, “Waste” on the left side, and “Energy” at the upper left. A narrow segment labeled “C O 2” appears between the “Energy” and “Material” sectors. Similarly, a narrow segment labeled “Water” appears between the “Waste” and “Energy” sectors. Within the “Material” sector, the inner K P I ring lists codes from “M 1” through “M 18” arranged radially. Adjacent to these are entries in the principles ring including “N or R 0”, “N or R 2”, “S or R 3-R 7”, and “C or R 8”. The next ring includes values such as “NA”, “0.109”, “0.114”, “0.121”, “0.129”, “0.190”, “0.122”, “0.101”, “0.114”, “0.585”, and “0.415”. The outermost ring includes “19”, “3”, “44”, “28”, “46”, “45”, “31”, “33”, “8”, “21”, “22”, “17”, “20”, “14”, “26”, “37”, “50”, and “5”. Within the “Waste” sector, the inner K P I ring lists codes from “W 1” through “W 12” arranged radially. Adjacent to these are entries in the principles ring including “N or R 0”, “N or R 2”, “S or R 3-R 7”, “C or R 8”, and “C or R 9”. The next ring includes values such as “0.221”, “NA”, “0.464”, “0.181”, and “0.134”. The outermost ring includes “25”, “32”, “24”, “10”, “23”, “14”, “40”, “43”, “28”, “47”, “30”, and “42”. Within the “Design and Others” sector, the inner K P I ring lists codes from “D 1” through “D 16” arranged radially. Adjacent to these are entries in the principles ring including “N or R 0”, “N or R 1”, “N or R 2”, and “S or R 3-R 7”. The next ring includes values such as “0.521”, “NA”, “0.479”, “0.093”, “0.066”, “0.042”, “0.071”, “0.172”, “0.358”, “0.137”, “0.222”, “0.096”, “0.421”, “0.152”, and “0.171”. The outermost ring includes “1”, “51”, “14”, “11”, “1”, “49”, “48”, “8”, “6”, “39”, “13”, “35”, “17”, “11”, “6”, and “3”. Within the “Energy” sector, the inner K P I ring lists “E 1” and “E 2” arranged radially. Adjacent to these are entries in the principles ring including “N or R 2”. The next ring includes values such as “0.442”. The outermost ring includes “27” and “52”. Within the “Water” segment, the inner K P I ring lists “A 1”, “A 2”, and “A 3” arranged radially. Adjacent to these are entries in the principles ring including “N or R 2”. The next ring includes values such as “0.323”. The outermost ring includes “36”, “38”, and “40”. Within the “C O 2” segment, the inner K P I ring lists “C 1” arranged radially. Adjacent to this is the principles entry “C O 2”. The next ring includes the value “0.235”. The outermost ring includes “34”._x000b_To the right is a legend panel titled “KPIs”. It lists: M 1: Material availability or criticality M 2: Material health or Toxicity M 3: Biological material input M 4: Sustainably produced renewable virgin material input M 5: Unsustainably produced renewable virgin material input M 6: Non-renewable virgin material input M 7: Renewable Recycled materials M 8: Non-renewable Recycled materials M 9: Renewable Reused materials M 10: Non-renewable Reused materials M 11: Renewable and non-renewable Repaired materials M 12: Renewable and non-renewable Refurbished materials M 13: Renewable and non-renewable Remanufactured materials M 14: Renewable and non-renewable Repurposed materials M 15: Materials required for construction M 16: Materials required for maintenance & repair M 17: Efficiency of the component and feedstock production M 18: Material durability C 1: C O 2 emissions A 1: Circular water inflow A 2: Circular water outflow A 3: Ratio (onsite or internal) water reuse or recirculation W 1: Biological material output W 2: Solid waste or Landfill waste W 3: Hazardous waste W 4: Waste reusing W 5: Waste recycling W 6: Efficiency of the recycling process W 7: Recycling loss W 8: End-of-life materials for incineration W 9: Manufacturing waste W 10: Construction or Transportation loss W 11: Maintenance & Repair loss W 12: Waste generated during material separation D 1: Refuse unnecessary new construction D 2: Site quality D 3: Lifetime of the product or Robustness D 4: Adaptability, upgradability, and flexibility D 5: Dis- or re-assembly D 6: Transportability D 7: Uniqueness or Commonality D 8: Deconstruction D 9: Resilience/Resource longevity D 10: Prefabricated assemblies D 11: Take-back systems D 12: Simplicity D 13: Standardization D 14: Modularity D 15: Repairability D 16: Durability of products E 1: Renewable energy usage E 2: Virgin non-renewable energy usage Below the K P I list appears a section titled “10 R Strategies” listing: R 0: Refuse R 1: Rethink R 2: Reduce R 3: Reuse R 4: Repair R 5: Refurbish R 6: Remanufacture R 7: Repurpose R 8: Recycle R 9: Recover To the right appears a section titled “C E Principles” listing: N: Narrow S: Slow C: Close At the bottom appears a “Color Coding Legend” with a horizontal gradient bar labeled “K P I Prioritization”. The scale ranges from “Lowest” on the left to “Highest” on the right, with numeric markers 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 displayed along the gradient.Building circularity KPIs framework (BCKPIF). Source: Authors’ own work