Figure 2.
A scatter plot positions B T C P factors using D plus R and D minus R values to show cause and effect roles.The scatter plot maps multiple B T C P factors on two axes labelled D plus R on the horizontal axis and D minus R on the vertical axis. Each point is labelled from B T C P 1 to B T C P 11. Points above zero on the vertical axis indicate driving or cause factors, while points below zero indicate effect factors. The distribution shows variation in prominence and influence, supporting interpretation of relationships among barriers in the D E M A T E L analysis.

Causal diagram

Source: Authors’ own work

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