Figure 1
The model shows three circles arranged vertically on the left, labeled “Biospheric Values”, “Egoistic Values”, and “Altruistic Values”. To their right, three circles are labeled “Benefits”, “Costs”, and “N E P”. “Biospheric Values” connects to “Benefits”, “Costs”, and “N E P” through arrows labeled “H 2 a”, “H 2 b”, and “H 3 a”, respectively. “Egoistic Values” connects to “Benefits”, “Costs”, and “N E P” through arrows labeled “H 2 c”, “H 2 d”, and “H 3 c”, respectively. “Altruistic Values” connects to “Benefits”, “Costs”, and “N E P” through arrows labeled “H 2 e”, “H 2 f”, and “H 3 b”, respectively. On the right, a dashed rectangular box labeled “Classic T P B Model” contains five circles. Three circles are vertically aligned, labeled “Perceived Behavioral Control”, “Subjective Norms”, and “Attitude”. A circle at the bottom right is labeled “Behavioral Intentions”, and a dashed circle is labeled “Behaviors”. “Benefits” connects to “Perceived Behavioral Control”, “Subjective Norms”, and “Attitude” through arrows labeled “H 1 c”, “H 1 b”, and “H 1 a”. “Costs” connects to “Perceived Behavioral Control” and “Attitude” through arrows labeled “H 1 d” and “H 1 e”. “N E P” connects directly to “Behavioral Intentions” through an arrow labeled “H 4”. “Perceived Behavioral Control”, “Subjective Norms”, and “Attitude” each connect to “Behavioral Intentions” through arrows labeled “H 1 f”, “H 1 g”, and “H 1 h”, respectively. “Behavioral Intentions” connects to “Behaviors” through a dashed arrow.Proposed structural equations model with hypothesized relationships. Note. NEP is the new ecological paradigm (ecological worldview). The classic TPB model (dashed rectangle) is shown for illustration, but behaviors were not measured. Source: Authors' own work