Figure 1.
A conceptual model shows how extreme heat affects green economic efficiency through urban, social, and ecological impacts, moderated by innovative talent agglomeration, industrial collaborative agglomeration, and the synergy between them.The model illustrates the pathways linking extreme heat to green economic efficiency. Extreme heat influences urban output decline, social green welfare loss, and ecological function degradation, collectively reducing green economic efficiency, represented by hypothesis 1. Hypothesis 2 indicates that innovative talent agglomeration and industrial collaborative agglomeration interact with extreme heat, while hypothesis 3 represents their coupling coordination effect. The model highlights that urban innovation and industrial synergy can mitigate the negative economic and ecological effects caused by extreme heat, improving overall sustainability and green economic performance.

Analysis framework of the influence of EH on GEE

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