Figure 2
The schematic is a simplified side view of a wheel cross-section with three stacked horizontal layers. The top thin layer is labeled “Metal constraint layer”. The middle thin hatched layer is labeled “Damping layer”. The large lower rectangle is labeled “Web plate of wheel”. Horizontal arrows within the upper layers indicate “Radial shear strain” (rightward) in the constraint layer and “Radial force” (leftward) in the damping layer. A vertically downward arrow from the top surface points below and is labeled “Axle shear strain”. A vertical arrow on the right edge points upward and is labeled “Axle force”.Analysis of the vibration reduction mechanism of damping plates. Source: Authors’ own work