Figure 7
A grouped bar chart compares four models across ten benchmark fake news datasets.The horizontal axis lists “Debunking Climate”, “Debunking Ukraine”, “L I A R”, “FakeNewsNet”, “Emergent”, “Climate-Fact”, “Multi-Fake-DetectIVE”, “NewsPolYML”, “M M C F N D”, and “M F N D”. The vertical axis ranges from 0 to 1 in increments of 0.1. The legend is positioned at the bottom center below the graph and lists four models: “L R”, “R F”, “BiLSTM”, and “B E R T”, each represented by a distinct bar. For “Debunking Climate”: L R: 0.84, R F: 0.87, BiLSTM: 0.90, B E R T: 0.94. For “Debunking Ukraine”: L R: 0.83, R F: 0.86, BiLSTM: 0.89, B E R T: 0.93. For “L I A R”: L R: 0.65, R F: 0.70, BiLSTM: 0.74, B E R T: 0.79. For “FakeNewsNet”: L R: 0.71, R F: 0.74, BiLSTM: 0.78, B E R T: 0.83. For “Emergent”: L R: 0.67, R F: 0.70, BiLSTM: 0.75, B E R T: 0.80. For “Climate-Fact”: L R: 0.81, R F: 0.84, BiLSTM: 0.88, B E R T: 0.92. For “Multi-Fake-DetectIVE”: L R: 0.82, R F: 0.85, BiLSTM: 0.89, B E R T: 0.93. For “NewsPolYML”: L R: 0.74, R F: 0.77, BiLSTM: 0.81, B E R T: 0.86. For “M M C F N D”: L R: 0.71, R F: 0.75, BiLSTM: 0.79, B E R T: 0.84. For “M F N D”: L R: 0.76, R F: 0.79, BiLSTM: 0.83, B E R T: 0.88.

F1 scores resulting from the validation

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