Figure 3
The stacked bar chart titled “Primary Theme per Paper by Year” shows a horizontal axis labeled “Year” and ranges from 2020 to 2025 in increments of 1 year. The vertical axis is labeled “Number of papers” and ranges from 0 to 50 in increments of 10 units. Ten stacked vertical bars appear for each year, representing the categories “Academic Writing and Content Generation”, “Other or Unclassified”, “Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring”, “Personalization”, “Assessment and Automated Feedback”, “Teacher Support”, “Transformation of Educational Paradigm”, “Applications in Medical Education”, “Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection”, and “Learning Analytics”. A legend on the upper right identifies these categories. The data for the stacked bars on the graph are as follows: 2020: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 0, Other or Unclassified: 1, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 0, Personalization: 0, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 0, Teacher Support: 0, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 0, Applications in Medical Education: 0, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 0, Learning Analytics: 1. 2021: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 1, Other or Unclassified: 1, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 0, Personalization: 0, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 0, Teacher Support: 1, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 0, Applications in Medical Education: 0, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 0, Learning Analytics: 0. 2022: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 1, Other or Unclassified: 2, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 1, Personalization: 0, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 0, Teacher Support: 1, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 1, Applications in Medical Education: 0, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 0, Learning Analytics: 0. 2023: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 11, Other or Unclassified: 8, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 7, Personalization: 2, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 2, Teacher Support: 1, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 1, Applications in Medical Education: 2, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 2, Learning Analytics: 0. 2024: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 25, Other or Unclassified: 15, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 2, Personalization: 5, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 3, Teacher Support: 4, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 2, Applications in Medical Education: 1, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 1, Learning Analytics: 0. 2025: Academic Writing and Content Generation: 2, Other or Unclassified: 0, Adaptive Tutoring or Mentoring: 0, Personalization: 1, Assessment and Automated Feedback: 2, Teacher Support: 0, Transformation of Educational Paradigm: 0, Applications in Medical Education: 0, Ethics, Academic Integrity and Reflection: 0, Learning Analytics: 0. Note: All numerical data values are approximated.Primary theme per paper by year. Source: Authors’ own work