Figure 3
The conceptual categorized diagram is organized from top to bottom and left to right under the title “CIRCULAR BIOBASED CONSTRUCTION - STAKEHOLDER PRIORITIES”. Five vertical columns are labeled “MATERIAL”, “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, “REGION”, and “WORLD”. Within these columns, green rectangular boxes group stakeholder questions under thematic headings. Under “BUILDING”, “REGION”, and “WORLD” a dark green header labeled “Material availability” contains two questions: “What will be the yield and location of circular or biobased construction materials?”, “How will cost affect the usage of [circular or biobased material A]?”, and the third question under “REGION”, and “WORLD” is “How will climate change impact the availability of [material A]?”. Under “BUILDING”, “REGION”, and “WORLD”, below, a section labeled “Land use” includes two questions: “Should our land grow buildings or food?” and “Will we still have wild forests if we build more with timber?”. Across the central columns, Under “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, “REGION”, and “WORLD”, a section labeled “Global vs local supply chains” includes one questions: “What is the environmental impact if we localize or globalize the supply chain for [bio-based product]?” and another question under “REGION”, and “WORLD” is “Should we have regional or local processing for [circular material]?”. In the “MATERIAL”, “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING” column, a section labeled “Design” contains two questions: “How will standardization affect the environmental impact of [product x]?”, “How will [new business model A] change the environmental impact of [product x]?”, and the third question under “MATERIAL”, and “PRODUCT” is “What will be the environmental impact of increasing [performance A]?”. Under “MATERIAL”, “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, and “REGION” section, a labeled “Environmental impacts” spans across columns and includes two questions: first question under, “MATERIAL”, and “PRODUCT” is “What is the environmental impact of [product A]?” and under “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, and “REGION”, second question is “How will life cycles (soil, plant, product, building) affect the environmental impact of [product x]?”. At the bottom, under “MATERIAL”, “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, “REGION”, and “WORLD” a section labeled “Political and cultural shifts” includes one questions: “How will [new regulation A] affect the environmental impact of [product x]?” and second question under “MATERIAL”, “PRODUCT”, “BUILDING”, and “REGION” is “How will an increase in demand for bio-based buildings affect the environmental impact of [product x]?”.Results from the stakeholder workshops. This figure presents the main concerns of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) stakeholders on environmental assessment of circular biobased construction, grouped into six main themes and their key research questions. Each theme spans multiple scales, including material, product, building, regional, and global levels. Source: Authors’ own work