Figure 7
The illustration contains three sections. Left section (A): It depicts a layout of a section of a city. The overall shape of the layout is a rectangle dividing to six unequal sections by vertical and horizontal waterways (shaded in blue). Irregular gray patched within each sections represents the building blocks. The building blocks in each section is highlighted in a pink circle. Several pink dots are positioned at specific points and are connected by thick pink lines along the waterways. Some of the points are labeled “2206,” “13378,” “3028,” “4648,” “3443,” “4565,” “127,” and “7630,” The bottom left and top right pink circles are labeled “open curly bracket 1 close curly bracket” and “open curly bracket 0 close curly bracket,” respectively. To the top left of the layout is a diamond chart, with its top, left, bottom, and right axes are labeled “Minimise length of the network,” “Minimise number clusters,” “Minimise number insolated nodes,” and “Minimise absolute heat imbalance,” respectively. A single data series is plotted, represented by an orange-to-red filled area, forming an irregular diamond shape. The shape extends farthest toward “Minimise length of the network.” Top right section (B): A stacked horizontal bar chart compares energy contributions for two distinct “Clusters.” The vertical axis identifies these as “Cluster open curly bracket 1 close curly bracket” and “Cluster open curly bracket 0 close curly bracket,” with Cluster open curly bracket 1 close curly bracket represented by the top bar and Cluster open curly bracket 0 close curly bracket by the bottom bar. The horizontal axis quantifies energy in Gigajoules, spanning from 0 to 40000. Each bar is segmented by color, with a legend on the right defining the components: “T E O (direct recovery)” in light blue, “T E O (A T E S)” in orange, “Q c (direct recovery)” in red, and “Q c (A T E S)” in dark blue. “Cluster open curly bracket 1 close curly bracket” exhibits a lower total energy value, with its bar primarily composed of a large orange segment for “T E O (A T E S),” flanked by a small light blue segment for “T E O (direct recovery)” on the left, and very thin red and dark blue segments for “Q c (direct recovery)” and “Q c (A T E S)” on the right. In contrast, “Cluster open curly bracket 0 close curly bracket” shows a significantly higher total energy value, maintaining a similar proportional breakdown, where “T E O (A T E S)” (orange) remains the dominant component, followed by “T E O (direct recovery)” (light blue), and minor contributions from the “Q c” categories. Bottom right section (C): A vertical bar chart illustrates a three-step energy management strategy, showing energy values in Gigajoules on the vertical axis. The horizontal axis outlines three distinct steps: “Step 1: Reduce,” “Step 2: Reuse,” and “Step 3: Produce,” followed by an unlabeled “Steps” category on the far right. The first bar, representing “Step 1: Reduce,” is the tallest. From this bar, a downward-pointing dashed arrow with a blue line extends to the top of the “Step 2: Reuse” bar. This arrow is labeled “negative 90988 gigajoules.” The “Step 2: Reuse” bar is significantly shorter than the first, depicting a reduced energy level. Another similar dashed arrow with a blue line points from the top of the “Step 2: Reuse” bar to the top of the “Step 3: Produce” bar, labeled “negative 2703 gigajoules.” The “Step 3: Produce” bar is slightly shorter than the “Step 2: Reuse” bar, showing yet another decrease in energy. Finally, a third downward-pointing dashed arrow with a blue line originates from the top of the “Step 3: Produce” bar and extends downward toward the base of the chart, labeled “negative 51354 gigajoules.”Example of generated outputs from the clustering parametric model for one of the scenarios comprising two clusters: (a) Mapping of the routes of the two clusters in Leliegracht, including the placement of ATES systems in private spaces and the performance for each of the four fitness objectives via a diamond chart; (b) Graph displaying the share of supply from hourly direct recovery (aquathermal energy from surface water and residual heat from cooling) and from seasonal storage for the two clusters; (c) Graph summarizing the gradual transition of the neighborhood following the three steps “Reduce”, “Reuse”, and “Produce” (Dang, 2024)