Figure 1
The flowchart presents three main circular nodes arranged horizontally from left to right. On the left is “Co-worker friendship”. A solid rightward arrow connects “Co-worker friendship” to the central circle labeled “Negative workplace gossip”. Another solid rightward arrow connects “Negative workplace gossip” to the rightmost circle labeled “Co-worker incivility”. Above the arrow between “Co-worker friendship” and “Negative workplace gossip” is a circle labeled “Promotion focus”. A dashed vertical arrow points downward from “Promotion focus” to the arrow connecting the first two circles. Above the arrow between “Negative workplace gossip” and “Co-worker incivility” is a circle labeled “Gender”. A dashed vertical arrow points downward from “Gender” to the arrow connecting the second and third circles.Proposed model