Figure 1
A model shows “U T A U T 2” factors and “T A P” variables influencing attitude and behaviour intention.The diagram shows a vertical rectangle on the left labeled “U T A U T 2” containing five stacked rectangles labeled “Performance Expectancy”, “Effort Expectancy”, “Social Influence”, “Facilitating Conditions”, and “Hedonic Motivation (U T A U T 2)”. Five rightward arrows extend from these rectangles toward a rectangle labeled “Attitude”. The arrows are labeled “H 1”, “H 2”, “H 3”, “H 4”, and “H 5”, respectively. Vertical arrows intersect these paths from two rectangles labeled “Age” and “Experience”, with labels “H 1 0 a to H 1 0 e” and “H 1 1 a to H 1 1 e”. Below, a dashed rectangle labeled “T A P” contains four rectangles labeled “Vulnerability”, “Dependence”, “Proficiency”, and “Optimism”, marked “H 6”, “H 7”, “H 8”, and “H 9”. A dashed line extends from this dashed rectangle and leads upward toward the rectangle positioned at the far right labeled “Behaviour Intention”. A rightward arrow labeled “H 1 2” extends from “Attitude” to “Behaviour Intention”.

Conceptual model and hypotheses. Source: Authors’ own work

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