Figure 1
The vertical axis of the line is labeled “System performance level.” The horizontal axis is labeled “Time.” Four horizontal dashed lines are shown on the graph from the vertical axis lengths of one-fourth (labeled Performance collapse p subscript C), midpoint (labeled Performance significantly reduced p subscript R), three-fourths (labeled Performance lower, but system operational p subscript L), and the complete length (labeled “System performance level as normal p subscript N). On the horizontal axis, four vertical lines are shown: the first between one-fourth and the midpoint of the length of the horizontal axis (labeled t subscript 0), the second just before the midpoint (labeled t subscript 1), the third just after the midpoint (labeled t subscript 2), and the fourth between midpoint and the three-fourths of the length of the horizontal axis (labeled t subscript 3). The line starts just below the horizontal top line, stays constant till t subscript 0, and decreases sharply to t subscript 1 below one-fourth the length of the vertical axis. The line forms a U-shaped curve and rises to t subscript 2 at one-fourth of the vertical axis, and continues rising till t subscript 3 to three-fourths of the vertical axis. The curve then remains parallel to the horizontal axis at three-fourths length of the vertical axis, and ends at three-fourths length of the horizontal axis. Arrowheads are shown at the tuning points of the curve.System performance level – disruption and recovery. Developed by authors from Linkov et al. (2014)