Figure 1
The conceptual model shows a top-to-bottom layout with interconnected rounded rectangles and directional arrows forming a loop. At the top left, a rounded rectangle labeled “Structural Pressures” contains the text “Neoliberal Individualism”, “Institutional Masculinity”, and “Structural Scarcity”. At the top right, a rounded rectangle labeled “Relational Labor” contains the text “Ethics of Care”, “Housework”, and “Emotional Strain”. A horizontal double-headed arrow connects “Structural Pressures” and “Relational Labor”. From “Structural Pressures”, a curved downward arrow points to a central rounded rectangle labeled “Individual Responses”, which contains “Internalized Misogyny”, “Scarcity Mindset”, and “Performative Feminism”. From “Relational Labor”, a curved downward arrow also points to “Individual Responses”. From “Individual Responses”, a vertical downward arrow points to a rounded rectangle labeled “Systemic Displaced Aggression”, which contains “Redirection of institutional frustration” and “Intra-gender exclusion and sabotage”. From this rectangle, a vertical downward arrow points to a rounded rectangle labeled “Reinforcement”, which contains “Institutional norms maintained” and “Status quo sustained”. From “Reinforcement”, a curved arrow on the left side points upward back to “Structural Pressures”, and a curved arrow on the right side points upward back to “Relational Labor”, completing a feedback loop.A conceptual framework of systemic displaced aggression. Source: Author's own work