Figure 1
The conceptual model consists of several rectangular boxes connected by solid arrows. On the far left, a rectangular box is labeled “Supply chain innovation”. In the center, there are three rectangular boxes vertically stacked: the top box is labeled “Supply chain collaboration”, the middle box is labeled “Supply chain collaboration x Digital transformation”, and the bottom box is labeled “Digital transformation”. On the right side, a large dotted rectangular box is labeled “Supply chain performance” at the top. Within this box, three rectangular boxes are vertically stacked: the top box is labeled “Financial performance”, the middle box is labeled “Control variables” that contains “Firm reputation” and “Firm age”, and the bottom box is labeled “Non-financial performance” which contains “Operation performance”, “Innovation performance”, “Customer service performance”, and “Marketing performance”. Regarding the arrows: An upward diagonal arrow labeled “H 1” points from “Supply chain innovation” to “Supply chain collaboration”. A downward diagonal arrow labeled “H 2” points from “Supply chain innovation” to “Digital transformation”. From “Supply chain collaboration”, a diagonal arrow labeled “H 3 a” points to “Financial performance” and a diagonal arrow labeled “H 3 b” points to “Non-financial performance”. From “Interaction: Collaboration cross Digital”, a diagonal arrow labeled “H 5 a” points to “Financial performance” and a diagonal arrow labeled “H 5 b” points to “Non-financial performance”. From “Digital transformation”, a diagonal arrow labeled “H 4 a” points to “Financial performance” and a diagonal arrow labeled “H 4 b” points to “Non-financial performance”. Finally, a vertical upward arrow points from the “Control variables” box to the “Financial performance” box, and a vertical downward arrow points from the “Control variables” box to the “Non-financial performance” box.Conceptual framework